What is a Natura 2000 site?

Natura 2000 is a network of nature protection areas in the territory of the European Union. It is made up of Special Areas of Conservation (SACs), Special Protection Areas (SPAs) designated respectively under the Habitats Directive and Birds Directive and also RAMSAR sites. The network includes both terrestrial and marine sites (Marine Protected Areas (MPAs)).

Natura 2000 sites can vary considerably in character. They are not strictly protected in terms of how they are allowed to be used by people. Many sites are farmed, forested and some are even in urban areas. Other areas are much wilder. The European Commission developed guidelines on the relation between Natura 2000 and wild areas which are thought to make up around 13% of the network. This was in response to a report by Members of the European Parliament in 2009 which called for further protection of Europe’s wilderness.

SPAs + SACs + RAMSAR + MPAs = Natura 2000

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